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<title>Code enforcement</title>

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<span id="openzim-page-title" class="mw-page-title-main"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Code enforcement</span></span>

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<p><b>Code enforcement</b>, sometimes encompassing <a href="Law_enforcement" title="Law enforcement">law enforcement</a>, is the act of enforcing a set of <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/rule" class="extiw external" title="wiktionary:rule">rules</a>, <a href="Principle" title="Principle">principles</a>, or <a href="Law" title="Law">laws</a> (especially <a href="Codification_(law)" title="Codification (law)">written ones</a>) and ensuring observance of a system of <a href="Norm_(sociology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Norm (sociology)">norms</a> or <a href="Custom_(law)" class="mw-redirect" title="Custom (law)">customs</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> An <a href="Authority" title="Authority">authority</a> usually enforces a <a href="Civil_code" title="Civil code">civil code</a>, a set of rules, or a body of laws and compel those subject to their authority to behave in a certain way.

</p><p>A <b>bylaw enforcement officer</b> (also called <b>municipal law enforcement</b> or <b>municipal enforcement</b>) is an employee of a <a href="Municipality" title="Municipality">municipality</a>, <a href="County" title="County">county</a> or regional district, charged with the <a href="Law_enforcement" title="Law enforcement">enforcement</a> of <a href="Local_ordinance" title="Local ordinance">local ordinance</a>—<a href="By-law" title="By-law">bylaws</a>, <a href="Law" title="Law">laws</a>, <a href="Code_of_law" title="Code of law">codes</a>, or <a href="Regulation" title="Regulation">regulations</a> enacted by <a href="Local_government" title="Local government">local governments</a>. Bylaw enforcement officers often work closely with <a href="Police" title="Police">police</a> and other <a href="Law_enforcement_agency" title="Law enforcement agency">law enforcement agencies</a>, but are generally not considered <a href="Emergency_service" title="Emergency service">emergency services</a>.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Types">Types</h2></div>

<p>Various persons and organizations ensure compliance with laws and rules, including:

</p>

<ul><li><a href="Building_inspector" class="mw-redirect" title="Building inspector">Building inspector</a>, an official who is charged with ensuring that construction is in <a href="Compliance_(regulation)" class="mw-redirect" title="Compliance (regulation)">compliance</a> with local codes.</li>

<li><a href="Fire_marshal" title="Fire marshal">Fire marshal</a>, an official who is both a police officer and a firefighter and enforces a <a href="Fire_code" class="mw-redirect" title="Fire code">fire code</a>.</li>

<li><a href="Health_inspector" class="mw-redirect" title="Health inspector">Health inspector</a>, an official who is charged with ensuring that <a href="Restaurants" class="mw-redirect" title="Restaurants">restaurants</a> meet local health codes.</li>

<li><a href="Police" title="Police">Police</a> forces, charged with maintaining public order, crime prevention, and enforcing <a href="Criminal_law" title="Criminal law">criminal law</a>.</li>

<li>Zoning enforcement officer, an official who is charged with enforcing the <a href="Zoning" title="Zoning">zoning</a> code of a local jurisdiction, such as a <a href="Municipality" title="Municipality">municipality</a> or <a href="County" title="County">county</a>.</li>

<li><a href="Parking_enforcement_officer" title="Parking enforcement officer">Parking enforcement officer</a>, an official who is charged with enforcing street parking regulations.</li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Commonwealth_countries">Commonwealth countries</h2></div>

<p>In Canada and some other Commonwealth countries, the term <a href="Bylaw_Enforcement_Officer" class="mw-redirect" title="Bylaw Enforcement Officer">Bylaw Enforcement Officer</a> is more commonly used, as well as <a href="Municipal_Law_Enforcement_Officer" class="mw-redirect" title="Municipal Law Enforcement Officer">Municipal Law Enforcement Officer</a> or <a href="Municipal_Enforcement_Officer" class="mw-redirect" title="Municipal Enforcement Officer">Municipal Enforcement Officer</a>. In the <a href="United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a>, <a href="Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a> and <a href="New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a>, various names are used, but the word <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/warden" class="extiw external" title="wiktionary:warden">warden</a> is commonly used for various classes of non-police enforcement personnel (such as game warden, traffic warden, park warden).

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Australia">Australia</h3></div>

<p>In Australia, the terms <i>law enforcement officer</i>, <i>shire ranger</i> and <i>local laws officer</i> are used for general-duty bylaw enforcement, <i>traffic officer</i> for parking enforcement only, and <i>animal management officer</i> (formerly known as <i>ranger</i> or <i><a href="Council_ranger" title="Council ranger">council ranger</a></i>) for animal-related enforcement.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Canada">Canada</h3></div>

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</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="Law_enforcement_in_Canada#Civil_law_enforcement" title="Law enforcement in Canada">Law enforcement in Canada § Civil law enforcement</a></div>

<p>In Canada, municipal law enforcement officers are generally referred to as <i>bylaw enforcement officers</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Every municipality in Canada is authorized to develop and enforce <a href="By-law" title="By-law">municipal by-laws</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but each province and territory regulates the authority of municipal law enforcement agencies differently. Rather than operate an in-house bylaw enforcement division, municipalities may rely on police services, contracted <a href="Canadian_Corps_of_Commissionaires" title="Canadian Corps of Commissionaires">commissionaires</a>, or private firms for bylaw enforcement.<sup id="cite_ref-PABLE_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PABLE-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>In the Canadian province of <a href="Ontario" title="Ontario">Ontario</a>, bylaw enforcement officers are generally titled municipal law enforcement officers, and in <a href="Newfoundland_%26_Labrador" class="mw-redirect" title="Newfoundland & Labrador">Newfoundland & Labrador</a>, <a href="Alberta" title="Alberta">Alberta</a> and the <a href="Northwest_Territories" title="Northwest Territories">Northwest Territories</a>, the term municipal enforcement officer is also used.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Duties">Duties</h4></div>

<p>In most Canadian municipalities, bylaw enforcement officers are tasked with the enforcement of the regulations or by-laws of their employer, and are usually operate on an as-requested basis.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>In all three territories, however, as well as the provinces of <a href="Newfoundland_and_Labrador" title="Newfoundland and Labrador">Newfoundland and Labrador</a>, <a href="Quebec" title="Quebec">Quebec</a>, <a href="Saskatchewan" title="Saskatchewan">Saskatchewan</a>, and <a href="Alberta" title="Alberta">Alberta</a>, some — but not all — municipal enforcement agencies also enforce provincial legislation and control traffic.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-PABLE_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PABLE-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In Alberta and Saskatchewan, bylaw enforcement officers can be additionally trained and appointed as community peace officers (in Alberta) or community safety officers (in Saskatchewan). These community officers maintain a proactive presence; have additional authority to enforce provincial legislation and conduct traffic enforcement; respond alongside other emergency services to 9-1-1 calls; and, in Saskatchewan, field complaints for minor criminal offences.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Peace_officer_status">Peace officer status</h4></div>

<div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="Special_constable#Canada" title="Special constable">Special constable § Canada</a></div>

<p>All bylaw enforcement officers employed in Canada are peace officers; in most provinces, bylaw officers are explicitly appointed as peace officers or special constables for the purpose of enforcing municipal laws,<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while in others, such as <a href="British_Columbia" title="British Columbia">British Columbia</a>, enforcement officers get their authority from court decisions that have ruled that bylaw officers are included as peace officers in the <a href="Criminal_Code_(Canada)" title="Criminal Code (Canada)"><i>Criminal Code</i></a> as "other person[s] employed for the preservation or maintenance of the public peace or for the service or execution of civil process."<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="New_Zealand">New Zealand</h3></div>

<p>In New Zealand, local governments such as district/city councils usually appoint persons to undertake certain enforcement duties. Councils can employ persons such as: Enforcement Officers, Animal Control Officers, Parking Officers, Noise Control Officers, and Litter Officers. These positions are granted role-specific powers under legislation. Common parts of their roles include enforcing bylaws made by the local council, such as dog-leash rules or parking restrictions during special events. Abuse against these government employees is commonplace and safety measures have started to take effect, such as body-worn cameras.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="United_Kingdom">United Kingdom</h3></div>

<p>In the United Kingdom, the word <i>warden</i> is commonly used to describe various classes of non-police enforcement officers, and sometimes the title of <i><a href="Inspector" title="Inspector">inspector</a></i> is also used in various jurisdictions. An environmental warden in <a href="Edinburgh" title="Edinburgh">Edinburgh</a> has duties very similar to those of a bylaw enforcement officer employed by a similar-sized city in Canada.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Europe">Europe</h2></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Germany">Germany</h3></div>

<p>In Germany, order enforcement offices are established under each <a href="States_of_Germany" title="States of Germany">state's</a> laws and local regulations, using different terms like <i>Ordnungsamt</i> (order enforcement office), <i>Ordnungsdienst</i> (order enforcement service), <i>Gemeindevollzugsdienst</i> (municipal code enforcement office) or <i>Polizeibehörde</i> (police authority). Beside this some German communities have implemented <i><a href="Municipal_police_(Germany)" title="Municipal police (Germany)">Stadtpolizei</a></i> (city police) forces for general law enforcement. Currently there are no general regulations or standards for their training: their responsibilities and powers vary. The equipment and uniforms differ from town to town; some carry weapons and wear police-like or police uniforms, others just wear labeled jackets over plain clothes. Most of the order enforcement offices are established by the <a href="Municipalities_of_Germany" title="Municipalities of Germany">municipalities</a>, but they can also be established by the <a href="Districts_of_Germany" title="Districts of Germany">rural districts</a> for their area of competence.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_Netherlands">The Netherlands</h3></div>

<p>In the Netherlands, this service is called <i>Handhaving</i> (Dutch for "Enforcement") or <i>Handhaving en Toezicht</i> (Dutch for "Enforcement and Surveillance"), and the police-like uniforms carry this inscription in most cities as well. The officials of these municipal authorities actively address people who are against the city regulations and are present in public places.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The responsibilities of <i>Handhaving</i> include:<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<ul><li>drug harassment or alcohol abuse</li>

<li>review of prostitution permits, detection of abuses such as human trafficking</li>

<li>increasing objective and subjective security in public spaces and public transport</li>

<li>the towing of dangerously parked vehicles</li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="China">China</h2></div>

<div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="City_Urban_Administrative_and_Law_Enforcement_Bureau" class="mw-redirect" title="City Urban Administrative and Law Enforcement Bureau">City Urban Administrative and Law Enforcement Bureau</a></div>

<p>In the <a href="Mainland_China" title="Mainland China">mainland</a> of the People's Republic of China (PRC) every city established a so-called Urban Administrative and Law Enforcement Bureau, commonly abbreviated to <i>Chengguan</i> (<a href="Chinese_language" title="Chinese language">Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh">城管</span>; <a href="Pinyin" title="Pinyin">pinyin</a>: <i><span lang="zh-Latn">Chéngguǎn</span></i>) as a local <a href="Government_agency" title="Government agency">government agency</a> for bylaw enforcement duties.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>The <i>Chengguan</i> is part of a city or <a href="Direct-controlled_municipalities_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Direct-controlled municipalities of China">municipality</a>'s <i>Urban Management Bureau</i> (<a href="Chinese_language" title="Chinese language">Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh">城市管理局</span>; <a href="Pinyin" title="Pinyin">pinyin</a>: <i><span lang="zh-Latn">Chéngshì Guǎnlǐ Jú</span></i>).<sup id="cite_ref-cgj.suzhou.gov.cn_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cgj.suzhou.gov.cn-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The agency enforces local <a href="Bylaw" class="mw-redirect" title="Bylaw">bylaws</a>, city appearance bylaws, <a href="Natural_environment" title="Natural environment">environment</a>, <a href="Sanitation" title="Sanitation">sanitation</a>, <a href="Work_safety" class="mw-redirect" title="Work safety">work safety</a>, <a href="Pollution_control" class="mw-redirect" title="Pollution control">pollution control</a>, health, and can involve enforcement in planning, greening, industry and commerce, <a href="Environment_protection" class="mw-redirect" title="Environment protection">environment protection</a>, municipal affairs and water in large cities.<sup id="cite_ref-cgj.suzhou.gov.cn_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cgj.suzhou.gov.cn-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Philippines">Philippines</h2></div>

<p>Metro Manila has traffic enforcers, employed by the <a href="Metro_Manila_Development_Authority" class="mw-redirect" title="Metro Manila Development Authority">Metro Manila Development Authority</a> to enforce traffic by-laws along with the <a href="Philippine_National_Police" title="Philippine National Police">Philippine National Police</a>, as well as laws pertaining to cleanliness in the streets. They do not carry the powers of arrest which is reserved to the police and only issue citation tickets for violators.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="United_States">United States</h2></div>

<p>In the United States, those employed in various capacities of code enforcement may be called Code Enforcement Officers, Municipal Regulations Officers, or with various titles depending on their specialization.

</p>

<p>Municipalities in the United States more frequently use the terms <i><a href="Code_enforcement_officer" class="mw-redirect" title="Code enforcement officer">code enforcement officer</a></i> or <i>municipal regulations officer</i> or Abatement Officers. Code Enforcement’s scope and duties in the United States vary drastically from municipality to municipality. Code Enforcement Officers often handle enforcement of Short-Term Rental laws, building occupancy, accumulation of solid waste, abandoned vehicles on private property & public right-of-way, overgrown vegetation, inoperable vehicle storage, squatter homes, homeless encampments, unsecured dangerous structures, businesses operating without a license or in residential zones, graffiti abatement, and other zoning related ordinances.

</p>

<ul><li><a href="Codification_(law)" title="Codification (law)">Codification</a></li>

<li><a href="Code_of_Federal_Regulations" title="Code of Federal Regulations">Code of Federal Regulations</a></li>

<li><a href="Dress_code" title="Dress code">Dress code</a></li>

<li><a href="National_Electrical_Code" title="National Electrical Code">National Electrical Code</a></li>

<li><a href="International_Building_Code" class="mw-redirect" title="International Building Code">International Building Code</a></li>

<li><a href="Legal_code" class="mw-redirect" title="Legal code">Legal code</a></li>

<li><a href="Penal_code" class="mw-redirect" title="Penal code">Penal code</a></li>

<li><a href="Traffic_code" title="Traffic code">Traffic code</a></li>

<li><a href="Nuisance_abatement" title="Nuisance abatement">Nuisance abatement</a></li>

<li><a href="Trading_Standards" title="Trading Standards">Trading Standards</a></li></ul>

<ul><li><a href="Nuisance_abatement" title="Nuisance abatement">Nuisance abatement</a></li>

<li><a href="Traffic_warden" class="mw-redirect" title="Traffic warden">Traffic warden</a></li>

<li><a href="Traffic_guard" title="Traffic guard">Traffic guard</a></li>

<li><a href="Traffic_police" title="Traffic police">Traffic police</a></li>

<li><a href="Highway_patrol" title="Highway patrol">Highway patrol</a></li>

<li><a href="State_police" title="State police">State police</a></li>

<li><a href="Car_guard" title="Car guard">Car guard</a></li>

<li><a href="Municipal_police" title="Municipal police">Municipal police</a></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

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<li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/municipal-government">"Municipal Government in Canada"</a>. <i>The Canadian Encyclopedia</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-07-06</span></span>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-PABLE-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-PABLE_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-PABLE_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://panow.com/2020/07/02/bylaw-unit-to-be-operated-by-city-not-police/">"Bylaw unit to be operated by City, not police"</a>. <i>paNOW</i>. 2020-07-02<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-07-06</span></span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.citywindsor.ca/residents/Traffic-And-Parking/ParkingEnforcement/Pages/Parking-Enforcement.aspx">"Parking Enforcement"</a>. <i>City of Windsor</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-07-06</span></span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://municipalenforcement.ca/">"Welcome to Municipal Support Services"</a>. <i>Municipal Support Services</i>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rmalexander.com/p/by-law-enforcement">"By-Law Enforcement"</a>. <i>Rural Municipality of Alexander</i>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.winnipeg.ca/cms/BLES/default.stm">"Community By-law Enforcement Services"</a>. <i>City of Winnipeg</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-07-06</span></span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hamilton.ca/government-information/by-laws-and-enforcement">"By-laws and Enforcement"</a>. <i>City of Hamilton</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-07-06</span></span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbrm.ns.ca/cbrm-by-laws.html">"CBRM By-Laws"</a>. <i>Cape Breton Regional Municipality</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-07-06</span></span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.summerside.ca/residents/police_services/parking_bylaw_enforcement">"Parking Bylaw Enforcement"</a>. <i>City of Summerside</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-07-06</span></span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.iqaluit.ca/city-hall/departments/municipal-enforcement">"Municipal Enforcement"</a>. <i>City of Iqaluit</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-07-06</span></span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://weyburnpolice.ca/community-safety-officer/">"Community Safety Officer"</a>. <i>Weyburn Police Service</i>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.blueline.ca/cleaning-up-the-peace-officer-role-confusion-in-alberta-6175/">"Cleaning up the peace officer role confusion in Alberta"</a>. <i>Blue Line Magazine</i>. 15 February 2019.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ontario.ca/laws/statute/90p15#BK18">"<i>Police Services Act</i> R.S.O. 1990, c. P.15, s. 15 (1)"</a>. 24 July 2014.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sasknow.com/2020/07/02/bylaw-unit-to-be-operated-by-city-not-police/">"Bylaw unit to be operated by City, not police"</a>. SaskNow.com.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bylawbc.ca/faq.htm">"Frequently Asked Questions"</a>. <i>Local Government Compliance and Enforcement Association of BC</i>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Criminal Code of Canada, sec. 2</span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://anwaltauskunft.de/magazin/gesellschaft/staat-behoerden/aufgaben-und-rechte-was-das-ordnungsamt-darf">"Aufgaben und Rechte: Was das Ordnungsamt darf"</a>. <i>Deutsche Anwaltauskunft</i>. 17 May 2018.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.paradisi.de/Freizeit_und_Erholung/Gesellschaft/Recht/Artikel/22866.php">"Das Ordnungsamt - Funktion und Aufgaben"</a>. <i>paradisi.de</i>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.halteverbot123.de/ordnungsamt-aufgaben-und-befugnisse.html">"Ordnungsamt - Aufgaben und Befugnisse"</a>. <i>www.halteverbot123.de</i>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190413012634/https://www.rudutrecht.nl/handhaving/">"toezicht en handhaving"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rudutrecht.nl/handhaving/">the original</a> on 2019-04-13<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-03-14</span></span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amsterdam.nl/bestuur-organisatie/organisatie/stadsbeheer/toezicht-handhaving/">"Toezicht en Handhaving"</a>. <i>Amsterdam.nl</i>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://english.rugao.gov.cn/news/Show.asp?ArticleID=1822">http://english.rugao.gov.cn/news/Show.asp?ArticleID=1822</a></span>

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<li id="cite_note-cgj.suzhou.gov.cn-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-cgj.suzhou.gov.cn_26-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cgj.suzhou.gov.cn_26-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081121151344/http://www.cgj.suzhou.gov.cn/english01.shtml">"苏州市城市管理局"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cgj.suzhou.gov.cn/english01.shtml">the original</a> on 2008-11-21<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-11-13</span></span>.</cite></span>

</li>

</ol></div></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div>

<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.codeofficersafety.org/">Code Enforcement Officer Safety Foundation</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.naceoi.4t.com">National Association of Code Enforcement Officers & Investigators</a></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Canada_2">Canada</h3></div>

<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20140806050621/http://www.oapsp.ca/">ONTARIO ASSOCIATION of PROPERTY STANDARD OFFICERS -OAPSO</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mleoa.ca">Municipal Law Enforcement Officers Association of Ontario</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://liboa.homestead.com">Licence Inspectors & Bylaw Officers' Association of British Columbia</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ville.pointe-claire.qc.ca/en/services/pubsafe/pubsafe.asp">Pointe-Claire Public security</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ville.montreal.qc.ca/portal/page?_pageid=105,2439389&_dad=portal&_schema=PORTAL">Outremont Public Security</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ville.montreal.qc.ca/portal/page?_pageid=2060,2447053&_dad=portal&_schema=PORTAL">Île Bizard Public Security (french)</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110719031422/http://www.moncton.ca/Residents/By-Laws/By-law_Enforcement_Officer.htm">City of Moncton by-law enforcement</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ville.montreal.qc.ca/portal/page?_pageid=8177,89603648&_dad=portal&_schema=PORTAL">Montréal Taxi Bureau (Enforcement Division)</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://montreal.ca/en/articles/citys-mobility-squad-safety-first-and-foremost-10607">Montréal Mobility Squad (Enforcement Division)</a></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="United_States_2">United States</h3></div>

<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.codeofficersafety.org/">Code Enforcement Officer Safety Foundation</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070723115329/http://www.cace1.org/">California Association of Code Enforcement Officers</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aace1.com/">American Association of Code Enforcement</a></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Australia_2">Australia</h3></div>

<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090205052816/http://warangers.asn.au/site_map.htm">West Australian Rangers Association</a></li></ul>

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</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox391" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Authority control databases: National </th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4650842-9">Germany</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>

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</style><div id="Law_enforcement_agencies_in_Canada247" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Law_enforcement_in_Canada" title="Law enforcement in Canada">Law enforcement agencies in Canada</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Federal</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Canada_Border_Services_Agency" title="Canada Border Services Agency">Canada Border Services Agency</a></li>

<li><a href="Canadian_Forces_Military_Police" title="Canadian Forces Military Police">Canadian Forces Military Police</a></li>

<li><a href="Canadian_Forces_National_Investigation_Service" title="Canadian Forces National Investigation Service">Canadian Forces National Investigation Service</a></li>

<li><a href="Canada_Revenue_Agency" title="Canada Revenue Agency">Canada Revenue Agency</a></li>

<li><a href="Competition_Bureau_(Canada)" class="mw-redirect" title="Competition Bureau (Canada)">Competition Bureau</a></li>

<li><a href="Correctional_Service_of_Canada" title="Correctional Service of Canada">Correctional Service of Canada</a></li>

<li><a href="Environment_and_Climate_Change_Canada#Enforcement" title="Environment and Climate Change Canada">Environment and Climate Change Canada Enforcement Branch</a></li>

<li><a href="Fisheries_and_Oceans_Canada#Enforcement" title="Fisheries and Oceans Canada">Fishery officers</a></li>

<li><a href="Parks_Canada#Enforcement" title="Parks Canada">Parks Canada wardens</a></li>

<li><a href="Royal_Canadian_Mounted_Police" title="Royal Canadian Mounted Police">Royal Canadian Mounted Police</a></li>

<li><a href="Transport_Canada" title="Transport Canada">Transport Canada</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Provincial</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Provincial police</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Ontario_Provincial_Police" title="Ontario Provincial Police">Ontario Provincial Police</a></li>

<li><a href="Royal_Newfoundland_Constabulary" title="Royal Newfoundland Constabulary">Royal Newfoundland Constabulary</a></li>

<li><span title="French-language text"><span lang="fr" style="font-style: normal;"><a href="S%C3%BBret%C3%A9_du_Qu%C3%A9bec" title="Sûreté du Québec">Sûreté du Québec</a></span></span></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other law<br>enforcement</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Alberta_Law_Enforcement_Response_Teams" title="Alberta Law Enforcement Response Teams">Alberta Law Enforcement Response Teams</a></li>

<li><a href="Alberta_Sheriffs_Branch" title="Alberta Sheriffs Branch">Alberta Sheriffs Branch</a></li>

<li><a href="British_Columbia_Sheriff_Service" title="British Columbia Sheriff Service">British Columbia Sheriff Service</a></li>

<li><a href="British_Columbia_Commercial_Vehicle_Safety_and_Enforcement" title="British Columbia Commercial Vehicle Safety and Enforcement">British Columbia Commercial Vehicle Safety and Enforcement</a></li>

<li><a href="British_Columbia_Conservation_Officer_Service" title="British Columbia Conservation Officer Service">British Columbia Conservation Officer Service</a></li>

<li><a href="Combined_Forces_Special_Enforcement_Unit_%E2%80%93_British_Columbia" title="Combined Forces Special Enforcement Unit – British Columbia">Combined Forces Special Enforcement Unit – British Columbia</a></li>

<li><a href="Organized_Crime_Agency_of_British_Columbia" title="Organized Crime Agency of British Columbia">Organized Crime Agency of British Columbia</a></li>

<li><a href="High_Sheriff_of_Newfoundland_and_Labrador" title="High Sheriff of Newfoundland and Labrador">High Sheriff of Newfoundland and Labrador</a></li>

<li><a href="Ontario_Conservation_Officers" title="Ontario Conservation Officers">Ontario conservation officers</a></li>

<li>Contrôle routier Québec</li>

<li>Protection de la faune du Québec</li>

<li><a href="Saskatchewan_Highway_Patrol" title="Saskatchewan Highway Patrol">Saskatchewan Highway Patrol</a></li>

<li><a href="Saskatchewan_Marshals_Service" title="Saskatchewan Marshals Service">Saskatchewan Marshals Service</a></li>

<li><span title="French-language text"><span lang="fr" style="font-style: normal;"><a href="Unit%C3%A9_permanente_anticorruption" title="Unité permanente anticorruption">Unité permanente anticorruption</a></span></span></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Regional <br>and <br>municipal</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Abbotsford_Police_Department" title="Abbotsford Police Department">Abbotsford Police Department</a></li>

<li><a href="Barrie_Police_Service" title="Barrie Police Service">Barrie Police Service</a></li>

<li><a href="Belleville%2C_Ontario#Belleville_Police_Service" title="Belleville, Ontario">Belleville Police Service</a></li>

<li><a href="Brockville_Police_Service" title="Brockville Police Service">Brockville Police Service</a></li>

<li><a href="Calgary_Police_Service" title="Calgary Police Service">Calgary Police Service</a></li>

<li><a href="Camrose_Police_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="Camrose Police Service">Camrose Police Service</a></li>

<li><a href="Central_Saanich_Police_Service" title="Central Saanich Police Service">Central Saanich Police Service</a></li>

<li><a href="Cobourg_Police_Service" title="Cobourg Police Service">Cobourg Police Service</a></li>

<li><a href="Charlottetown_Police_Service" title="Charlottetown Police Service">Charlottetown Police Services</a></li>

<li><a href="Delta_Police_Department" title="Delta Police Department">Delta Police Department</a></li>

<li><a href="Durham_Regional_Police_Service" title="Durham Regional Police Service">Durham Regional Police Service</a></li>

<li><a href="Edmonton_Police_Service" title="Edmonton Police Service">Edmonton Police Service</a></li>

<li><a href="Fredericton#Emergency_services_and_police" title="Fredericton">Fredericton Police</a></li>

<li><a href="Greater_Sudbury_Police_Service" title="Greater Sudbury Police Service">Greater Sudbury Police Service</a></li>

<li><a href="Guelph_Police_Service" title="Guelph Police Service">Guelph Police Service</a></li>

<li><a href="Halifax_Regional_Police" title="Halifax Regional Police">Halifax Regional Police</a></li>

<li><a href="Halton_Regional_Police_Service" title="Halton Regional Police Service">Halton Regional Police Service</a></li>

<li><a href="Hamilton_Police_Service" title="Hamilton Police Service">Hamilton Police Service</a></li>

<li><a href="Kennebecasis_Regional_Police_Force" title="Kennebecasis Regional Police Force">Kennebecasis Regional Police Force</a></li>

<li><a href="Kingston_Police" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingston Police">Kingston Police Force</a></li>

<li><a href="Lacombe_Police_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="Lacombe Police Service">Lacombe Police Service</a></li>

<li><a href="Lethbridge_Police_Service" title="Lethbridge Police Service">Lethbridge Police Service</a></li>

<li><a href="London_Police_Service" title="London Police Service">London Police Service</a></li>

<li><a href="Medicine_Hat_Police_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="Medicine Hat Police Service">Medicine Hat Police Service</a></li>

<li>Moose Jaw Police Service</li>

<li><a href="Nelson_Police_Department" title="Nelson Police Department">Nelson Police Department</a></li>

<li><a href="New_Westminster_Police_Department" title="New Westminster Police Department">New Westminster Police Department</a></li>

<li><a href="Niagara_Regional_Police_Service" title="Niagara Regional Police Service">Niagara Regional Police Service</a></li>

<li><a href="North_Bay_Police_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="North Bay Police Service">North Bay Police Service</a></li>

<li><a href="Nunavik_Police_Service" title="Nunavik Police Service">Nunavik Police Service</a></li>

<li><a href="Oak_Bay_Police_Department" class="mw-redirect" title="Oak Bay Police Department">Oak Bay Police Department</a></li>

<li><a href="Ottawa_Police_Service" title="Ottawa Police Service">Ottawa Police Service</a></li>

<li><a href="Peel_Regional_Police" title="Peel Regional Police">Peel Regional Police</a></li>

<li><a href="Port_Moody_Police_Department" title="Port Moody Police Department">Port Moody Police Department</a></li>

<li><a href="Regina_Police_Service" title="Regina Police Service">Regina Police Service</a></li>

<li><a href="Saskatoon_Police_Service" title="Saskatoon Police Service">Saskatoon Police Service</a></li>

<li><span title="French-language text"><span lang="fr" style="font-style: normal;"><a href="Service_de_police_de_la_Ville_de_Laval" class="mw-redirect" title="Service de police de la Ville de Laval">Service de police de la Ville de Laval</a></span></span></li>

<li><span title="French-language text"><span lang="fr" style="font-style: normal;"><a href="Service_de_police_de_l%E2%80%99agglom%C3%A9ration_de_Longueuil" class="mw-redirect" title="Service de police de l’agglomération de Longueuil">Service de police de l’agglomération de Longueuil</a></span></span></li>

<li><span title="French-language text"><span lang="fr" style="font-style: normal;"><a href="Service_de_police_de_la_Ville_de_Montr%C3%A9al" title="Service de police de la Ville de Montréal">Service de police de la Ville de Montréal</a></span></span></li>

<li><span title="French-language text"><span lang="fr" style="font-style: normal;"><a href="Service_de_police_de_la_Ville_de_Qu%C3%A9bec" class="mw-redirect" title="Service de police de la Ville de Québec">Service de police de la Ville de Québec</a></span></span></li>

<li><a href="Saugeen_Shores_Police_Service" title="Saugeen Shores Police Service">Saugeen Shores Police Service</a></li>

<li><a href="South_Simcoe_Police_Service" title="South Simcoe Police Service">South Simcoe Police Service</a></li>

<li><a href="Stratford%2C_Ontario#Police_services" title="Stratford, Ontario">Stratford Police Service</a></li>

<li><a href="Summerside_Police_Department" class="mw-redirect" title="Summerside Police Department">Summerside Police Department</a></li>

<li><a href="Surrey_Police_Service" title="Surrey Police Service">Surrey Police Service</a></li>

<li><a href="Taber_Police_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="Taber Police Service">Taber Police Service</a></li>

<li><a href="Thunder_Bay#Thunder_Bay_Police_Services" title="Thunder Bay"> Thunder Bay Police Service</a></li>

<li><a href="Toronto_Police_Service" title="Toronto Police Service">Toronto Police Service</a></li>

<li><a href="Vancouver_Police_Department" title="Vancouver Police Department">Vancouver Police Department</a></li>

<li><a href="Victoria_Police_Department" title="Victoria Police Department">Victoria Police Department</a></li>

<li><a href="Waterloo_Regional_Police_Service" title="Waterloo Regional Police Service">Waterloo Regional Police Service</a></li>

<li><a href="West_Grey_Police" title="West Grey Police">West Grey Police</a></li>

<li><a href="West_Vancouver_Police_Department" title="West Vancouver Police Department">West Vancouver Police Department</a></li>

<li><a href="Windsor_Police_Service" title="Windsor Police Service">Windsor Police Service</a></li>

<li><a href="Winnipeg_Police_Service" title="Winnipeg Police Service">Winnipeg Police Service</a></li>

<li><a href="York_Regional_Police" title="York Regional Police">York Regional Police</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Indigenous police services</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Anishinabek_Police_Service" title="Anishinabek Police Service">Anishinabek Police Service</a></li>

<li><a href="Nishnawbe-Aski_Police_Service" title="Nishnawbe-Aski Police Service">Nishnawbe-Aski Police Service</a></li>

<li><a href="Treaty_Three_Police_Service" title="Treaty Three Police Service">Treaty Three Police Service</a></li>

<li><a href="Stl%E2%80%99atl%E2%80%99imx_Tribal_Police_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="Stl’atl’imx Tribal Police Service">Stl’atl’imx Tribal Police Service</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Special constabularies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Calgary_Transit_Public_Safety_and_Enforcement_Section" class="mw-redirect" title="Calgary Transit Public Safety and Enforcement Section">Calgary Transit Public Safety and Enforcement Section</a></li>

<li><a href="GO_Transit#Safety_and_security" title="GO Transit">GO Transit Special Constables</a></li>

<li><a href="Niagara_Parks_Police_Service" title="Niagara Parks Police Service">Niagara Parks Police Service</a></li>

<li><a href="McMaster_University_Security_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="McMaster University Security Service">McMaster University Security Service</a></li>

<li><a href="Transit_Enforcement_Unit" title="Transit Enforcement Unit">Transit Enforcement Unit</a></li>

<li><a href="University_of_Alberta_Protective_Services" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Alberta Protective Services">University of Alberta Protective Services</a></li>

<li><a href="University_of_Toronto_Campus_Safety" title="University of Toronto Campus Safety">University of Toronto Campus Safety</a></li>

<li><a href="YRT/Viva_Special_Constable_Services" class="mw-redirect" title="YRT/Viva Special Constable Services">YRT/Viva Special Constable Services</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Specialized</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Canadian_National_Police_Service" title="Canadian National Police Service">Canadian National Police Service</a></li>

<li><a href="Canadian_Pacific_Kansas_City_Police_Service" title="Canadian Pacific Kansas City Police Service">Canadian Pacific Kansas City Police Service</a></li>

<li><a href="Integrated_National_Security_Enforcement_Teams" title="Integrated National Security Enforcement Teams">Integrated National Security Enforcement Teams</a></li>

<li><a href="Integrated_Security_Unit" title="Integrated Security Unit">Integrated Security Unit</a></li>

<li><a href="Ottawa_By-law_Services" title="Ottawa By-law Services">Ottawa By-law Services</a></li>

<li><a href="Metro_Vancouver_Transit_Police" title="Metro Vancouver Transit Police">Metro Vancouver Transit Police</a></li>

<li><a href="Via_Rail_Police_Service" title="Via Rail Police Service">Via Rail Police Service</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Police <br>oversight</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Alberta_Serious_Incident_Response_Team" title="Alberta Serious Incident Response Team">Alberta Serious Incident Response Team</a></li>

<li><a href="Independent_Investigations_Office" title="Independent Investigations Office">Independent Investigations Office</a> (BC)</li>

<li><a href="Independent_Investigation_Unit" title="Independent Investigation Unit">Independent Investigation Unit</a> (MB)</li>

<li>Bureau des enquêtes indépendantes</li>

<li>Serious Incident Response Team (Saskatchewan) (SIRT; SK)</li>

<li><a href="Serious_Incident_Response_Team" title="Serious Incident Response Team">Serious Incident Response Team</a> (SiRT; NS)</li>

<li><a href="Special_Investigations_Unit_(Ontario)" title="Special Investigations Unit (Ontario)">Special Investigations Unit</a> and <a href="Office_of_the_Independent_Police_Review_Director" title="Office of the Independent Police Review Director">Office of the Independent Police Review Director</a> (ON)</li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Defunct</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Alberta_Provincial_Police" title="Alberta Provincial Police">Alberta Provincial Police</a></li>

<li><a href="British_Columbia_Provincial_Police" title="British Columbia Provincial Police">British Columbia Provincial Police</a></li>

<li><a href="Canada_Customs_and_Revenue_Agency" title="Canada Customs and Revenue Agency">Canada Customs and Revenue Agency</a></li>

<li><a href="Dominion_Police" title="Dominion Police">Dominion Police</a></li>

<li>Manitoba Provincial Police</li>

<li><a href="New_Brunswick_Highway_Patrol" title="New Brunswick Highway Patrol">New Brunswick Highway Patrol</a></li>

<li>New Brunswick Provincial Police</li>

<li><a href="Newfoundland_Ranger_Force" title="Newfoundland Ranger Force">Newfoundland Ranger Force</a></li>

<li><a href="North-West_Mounted_Police" title="North-West Mounted Police">North-West Mounted Police</a></li>

<li>Nova Scotia Police</li>

<li>Prince Edward Island Provincial Police</li>

<li><span title="French-language text"><span lang="fr" style="font-style: normal;"><a href="R%C3%A9gie_intermunicipale_de_police_de_la_Rivi%C3%A8re-du-Nord" class="mw-redirect" title="Régie intermunicipale de police de la Rivière-du-Nord">Régie intermunicipale de police de la Rivière-du-Nord</a></span></span></li>

<li><a href="Saskatchewan_Provincial_Police" title="Saskatchewan Provincial Police">Saskatchewan Provincial Police</a></li>

<li><a href="Shelburne_Police_Service" title="Shelburne Police Service">Shelburne Police Service</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Staffing</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Sky_marshal#Canada" title="Sky marshal">Aircraft Protective Officers</a></li>

<li><a href="Auxiliary_constable" title="Auxiliary constable">Auxiliary constables</a></li>

<li><a href="Bylaw_enforcement_officer" class="mw-redirect" title="Bylaw enforcement officer">Bylaw enforcement officers</a></li>

<li><a href="Canadian_Firearms_Program#Provincial" title="Canadian Firearms Program">Firearms officers</a></li>

<li><a href="Peace_officer" class="mw-redirect" title="Peace officer">Peace officers</a></li>

<li><a href="Special_constable#Canada" title="Special constable">Special constables</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Boards and <br>commissions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Civilian_Review_and_Complaints_Commission_for_the_Royal_Canadian_Mounted_Police" title="Civilian Review and Complaints Commission for the Royal Canadian Mounted Police">Civilian Review and Complaints Commission for the Royal Canadian Mounted Police</a></li>

<li><a href="Military_Police_Complaints_Commission" title="Military Police Complaints Commission">Military Police Complaints Commission</a></li>

<li>Calgary Police Commission</li>

<li>Edmonton Police Commission</li>

<li><a href="Toronto_Police_Services_Board" title="Toronto Police Services Board">Toronto Police Services Board</a></li>

<li>New Brunswick Police Commission</li>

<li>Royal Newfoundland Constabulary Public Complaints Commission</li>

<li>Office of the Police Commissioner (PEI)</li>

<li>Police Ethics Commissioner (QC)</li>

<li><a href="Police_board" title="Police board">Police board</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Indigenous_police_in_Canada" title="Indigenous police in Canada">Indigenous police in Canada</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_law_enforcement_agencies_in_British_Columbia" title="List of law enforcement agencies in British Columbia">List of law enforcement agencies in British Columbia</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_law_enforcement_agencies_in_Canada" title="List of law enforcement agencies in Canada">List of law enforcement agencies in Canada</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_police_firearms_in_Canada" title="List of police firearms in Canada">List of police firearms in Canada</a></li>

<li><a href="Provincial_correctional_services_in_Canada" title="Provincial correctional services in Canada">Provincial correctional services in Canada</a></li>

<li><a href="Police_ranks_in_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="Police ranks in Canada">Police ranks in Canada</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Museums</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Ontario_Provincial_Police_Headquarters#Ontario_Provincial_Police_Museum" title="Ontario Provincial Police Headquarters">Ontario Provincial Police Museum</a></li>

<li><a href="RCMP_Heritage_Centre" title="RCMP Heritage Centre">RCMP Heritage Centre</a></li>

<li><a href="Rotary_Museum_of_Police_and_Corrections" title="Rotary Museum of Police and Corrections">Rotary Museum of Police and Corrections</a></li>

<li><a href="Vancouver_Police_Museum" title="Vancouver Police Museum">Vancouver Police Museum</a></li>

<li><a href="Winnipeg_Police_Museum" class="mw-redirect" title="Winnipeg Police Museum">Winnipeg Police Museum</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>

<div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Traffic_law_and_safety369" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Traffic_law_and_safety369" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Traffic" title="Traffic">Traffic law</a> and <a href="Road_traffic_safety" class="mw-redirect" title="Road traffic safety">safety</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Rules of the road</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="Assured_clear_distance_ahead" title="Assured clear distance ahead">Assured clear distance ahead</a></li>

<li><a href="Australian_Road_Rules" title="Australian Road Rules">Australian Road Rules</a></li>

<li><a href="Boulevard_rule" title="Boulevard rule">Boulevard rule</a></li>

<li><a href="Green_Cross_Code" title="Green Cross Code">Green Cross Code</a></li>

<li><a href="New_Zealand_Road_Code" title="New Zealand Road Code">New Zealand Road Code</a></li>

<li><a href="Overtaking" title="Overtaking">Overtaking</a></li>

<li><a href="Left-_and_right-hand_traffic" title="Left- and right-hand traffic">Left- and right-hand traffic</a></li>

<li><a href="Bidirectional_traffic" title="Bidirectional traffic">Bidirectional traffic</a></li>

<li><a href="Traffic#Priority_.28right_of_way.29" title="Traffic">Right-of-way</a></li>

<li><a href="School_bus_traffic_stop_laws" title="School bus traffic stop laws">School bus traffic stop laws</a></li>

<li><a href="Traffic_code" title="Traffic code">Traffic code</a></li>

<li><a href="Vienna_Convention_on_Road_Traffic" title="Vienna Convention on Road Traffic">Vienna Convention on Road Traffic</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Road user guides</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Driver's_manual" title="Driver's manual">Driver's manual</a></li>

<li><a href="The_Highway_Code" title="The Highway Code">The Highway Code</a></li>

<li><a href="The_Highway_Code_(Malta)" title="The Highway Code (Malta)">The Highway Code (Malta)</a></li>

<li><a href="Road_Users'_Code" title="Road Users' Code">Road Users' Code</a> (Hong Kong)</li>

<li><a href="Rules_of_the_Road_(Ireland)" title="Rules of the Road (Ireland)">Rules of the Road (Ireland)</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Enforcement</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Bylaw_enforcement_officer" class="mw-redirect" title="Bylaw enforcement officer">Parking enforcement</a></li>

<li><a href="Driving_under_the_influence" title="Driving under the influence">Impaired driving</a>

<ul><li><a href="Breathalyzer" title="Breathalyzer">Breathalyzer</a></li>

<li><a href="Field_sobriety_testing" title="Field sobriety testing">Field sobriety testing</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Highway_patrol" title="Highway patrol">Highway patrol</a>/<a href="State_police" title="State police">State police</a></li>

<li><a href="Terry_stop" title="Terry stop">Pretextual stop</a></li>

<li><a href="Road_traffic_control" title="Road traffic control">Road traffic control</a></li>

<li><a href="Terry_stop" title="Terry stop">Terry stop</a></li>

<li><a href="Textalyzer" title="Textalyzer">Textalyzer</a></li>

<li><a href="Traffic_camera" title="Traffic camera">Camera</a>

<ul><li><a href="Traffic_enforcement_camera" title="Traffic enforcement camera">Enforcement</a></li>

<li><a href="Red_light_camera" title="Red light camera">Red light</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Traffic_court" title="Traffic court">Traffic court</a></li>

<li><a href="Traffic_guard" title="Traffic guard">Traffic guard</a></li>

<li><a href="Traffic_stop" title="Traffic stop">Traffic stop</a></li>

<li><a href="Traffic_ticket" title="Traffic ticket">Traffic ticket</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Speed_limit" title="Speed limit">Speed limit</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="85th_percentile_speed" class="mw-redirect" title="85th percentile speed">85th percentile speed</a></li>

<li><a href="Advisory_speed_limit" title="Advisory speed limit">Advisory speed limit</a></li>

<li><a href="Assured_clear_distance_ahead" title="Assured clear distance ahead">Assured clear distance ahead</a></li>

<li><a href="National_Maximum_Speed_Law" title="National Maximum Speed Law">National Maximum Speed Law</a></li>

<li><a href="School_zone" title="School zone">School zone</a></li>

<li><a href="Speed_limit_enforcement" title="Speed limit enforcement">Speed limit enforcement</a></li>

<li><a href="Speed_limits_by_country" title="Speed limits by country">Speed limits by country</a></li>

<li>Category: Speed limits by country</li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Moving_violation" title="Moving violation">Moving violations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Driving_under_the_influence" title="Driving under the influence">Impaired driving</a>

<ul><li><a href="Impaired_driving_in_Canada" title="Impaired driving in Canada">Canada</a></li>

<li><a href="Drunk_driving_in_the_United_States" title="Drunk driving in the United States">United States</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Distracted_driving" title="Distracted driving">Distracted driving</a>

<ul><li><a href="Restrictions_on_cell_phone_use_while_driving_in_the_United_States" title="Restrictions on cell phone use while driving in the United States">Mobile phones and driving</a></li>

<li><a href="Texting_while_driving" title="Texting while driving">Texting while driving</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Reckless_driving" title="Reckless driving">Reckless driving</a>

<ul><li><a href="Brake_check" title="Brake check">Brake checking</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Street_racing" title="Street racing">Street racing</a></li>

<li><a href="Tailgating" title="Tailgating">Tailgating</a></li>

<li><a href="Vehicular_homicide" title="Vehicular homicide">Vehicular homicide</a></li>

<li><a href="Wrong-way_driving" title="Wrong-way driving">Wrong-way driving</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Driver's_license" title="Driver's license">Driver licensing</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Commercial_driver's_license" title="Commercial driver's license">Commercial driver's license</a></li>

<li><a href="European_driving_licence" title="European driving licence">European driving licence</a></li>

<li><a href="Graduated_driver_licensing" title="Graduated driver licensing">Graduated driver licensing</a></li>

<li><a href="Inter-American_Driving_Permit" title="Inter-American Driving Permit">Inter-American Driving Permit</a></li>

<li><a href="International_Driving_Permit" title="International Driving Permit">International Driving Permit</a></li>

<li><a href="Learner's_permit" title="Learner's permit">Learner's permit</a></li>

<li><a href="Point_system_(driving)" title="Point system (driving)">Point system</a></li>

<li>Driving licences by country</li>

<li><a href="List_of_countries_by_minimum_driving_age" class="mw-redirect" title="List of countries by minimum driving age">List of countries by minimum driving age</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Traffic_violations_reciprocity" title="Traffic violations reciprocity">Traffic violations reciprocity</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Commercial_Driver's_License_Information_System" title="Commercial Driver's License Information System">Commercial Driver's License Information System</a></li>

<li><a href="Driver_License_Agreement" title="Driver License Agreement">Driver License Agreement</a></li>

<li><a href="Driver_License_Compact" title="Driver License Compact">Driver License Compact</a></li>

<li><a href="Non-Resident_Violator_Compact" title="Non-Resident Violator Compact">Non-Resident Violator Compact</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Parking" title="Parking">Parking</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Alternate-side_parking" title="Alternate-side parking">Alternate-side parking</a></li>

<li><a href="Decriminalised_parking_enforcement" title="Decriminalised parking enforcement">Decriminalised parking enforcement</a></li>

<li><a href="Disabled_parking_permit" title="Disabled parking permit">Disabled parking permit</a>

<ul><li><a href="Disabled_parking_permits_of_the_United_States" title="Disabled parking permits of the United States">Disabled parking permits of the United States</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Double_parking" title="Double parking">Double parking</a></li>

<li><a href="Parking_chair" title="Parking chair">Parking chair</a></li>

<li><a href="Parking_violation" title="Parking violation">Parking violation</a></li>

<li><a href="Wheel_clamp" title="Wheel clamp">Wheel clamp</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Automotive safety</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<li><a href="Click_It_or_Ticket" title="Click It or Ticket">Click It or Ticket</a></li>

<li><a href="Clunk_Click_Every_Trip" title="Clunk Click Every Trip">Clunk Click Every Trip</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Road safety</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Tachograph" title="Tachograph">Tachograph</a></li>

<li><a href="Digital_tachograph" title="Digital tachograph">Digital tachograph</a></li>

<li><a href="Drivers'_working_hours" title="Drivers' working hours">Drivers' working hours</a> (Europe)</li>

<li><a href="Drowsy_driving" title="Drowsy driving">Drowsy driving</a></li>

<li><a href="Epilepsy_and_driving" title="Epilepsy and driving">Epilepsy and driving</a></li>

<li><a href="Hours_of_service" title="Hours of service">Hours of service</a> (US)</li>

<li><a href="%22How's_my_driving%3F%22_sign" title=""How's my driving?" sign">"How's my driving?" sign</a></li>

<li><a href="Old_age_and_driving" title="Old age and driving">Old age and driving</a></li>

<li><a href="Sidewalk_rage" title="Sidewalk rage">Sidewalk rage</a></li>

<li><a href="Slow_moving_vehicle" title="Slow moving vehicle">Slow moving vehicle</a></li>

<li><a href="Vision_Zero" title="Vision Zero">Vision Zero</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div><div class="zim-footer">

This article is issued from <a class="external text" title="Last edited on 2025-06-22" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/?title=Code_enforcement&oldid=1296821269">Wikipedia</a>. The text is available under <a class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

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